Question:
What is Islam’s view on qabliyyah and ba’diyyah of the Friday (Jumu’ah) prayer (What is the ruling)?
Answer:
Alhamdulillah, praise and thanks to Allah for the many countless blessings He has blessed us all with. Blessings and salutations to the Prophet Muhammad PBUH, his wives, his family, companions and all those that follow his teachings to the day of judgement.
The jurists agree upon the of sunnah of qabliyyah and ba’diyyah of the Friday prayer, as recorded in the saying of the Prophet PBUH in Sahih Bukhari and Muslim:
إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمُ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلْيُصَلِّ بَعْدَهَا أَرْبَعً
“When any one of you observes the Jumu'a prayer (two obligatory rak'ahs in congregation), he should observe four (rak'ahs) afterwards.”
Sahih Muslim (881 a)
Pertaining sunnah prayers before the Friday prayers, it is divided into two situations:
First: It is an absolute sunnah prayer (sunnah al-mutlaq). Its validity is restricted to before the imam starts the khutbah.
Second: Sunnah qabliyyah prayer of the Jumu’ah. The scholars have differing opinions in this issue:
- Qabliyyah prayer of the Jumu’ah is sunnah. This is the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifah, Syafi’e scholars (according to the opinion of stronger evidence) and Hanabilah scholars (in an unpopular opinion among them).
- Qabliyyah prayer of the Jumu’ah is not a sunnah. This is the opinion of Imam Malik and the Hanabilah scholars (in the popular opinion among them).
However, it is encouraged to perform them according to the opinion of al-Imam al-Syafie.
*Sunan al-rawatib are sunnah prayers that accompany the obligatory(fardhu) five daily prayers. They are divided into two; qabliyyah (before the obligatory prayer) and ba’diyyah (after the obligatory prayers).